| purple bars | |
|---|---|
| Volkswagen (2015) | 18 |
| Toyota (2014) | 1.2 |
| Caterpillar & Mack (1998) | 1 |
| Ford (1997) | 0.12 |
Billions of Dollars
Sources:
wired.com
Share:
| purple bars | |
|---|---|
| Volkswagen (2015) | 18 |
| Toyota (2014) | 1.2 |
| Caterpillar & Mack (1998) | 1 |
| Ford (1997) | 0.12 |
Volkswagen's 2015 emissions scandal is unprecedentedly costly. The EPA recently slapped the automaker with a $37,000 fine per vehicle. Such a fine affects roughly 482,000 cars on American roads, amounting to $18B. The next highest fine ever sanctioned by the EPA was $1.2B to Toyota. Although top lawyers expect Volkswagen's fine to be reduced, the scope of the Volkswagen scandal is truly unprecedented.